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General government gross debt and deficit (−) or surplus, percent of GDP, yearly. All figures for Belgium
| Measure | Latest | Period | EU rank | vs EU median | Among EU countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross debt | 107.9 % of GDP | 2025 | 4th highest of 27 | +48.6 pp | EU lowest 24.1 % of GDPEU highest 146.1 % of GDP |
| Deficit or surplus | −5.2 % of GDP | 2025 | 3rd lowest of 27 | −2.7 pp | EU lowest −7.9 % of GDPEU highest 3.4 % of GDP |
| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 107.9 |
| 2024 | 103.9 |
| 2023 | 102.5 |
| 2022 | 103.3 |
| 2021 | 108.7 |
| 2020 | 111.4 |
| 2019 | 97.7 |
| 2018 | 100.2 |
| 2017 | 102.6 |
| 2016 | 105.8 |
| 2015 | 105.7 |
| 2014 | 106.6 |
| 2013 | 105.1 |
| 2012 | 104.4 |
| 2011 | 102.8 |
| 2010 | 100.3 |
| 2009 | 99.9 |
| 2008 | 93.2 |
| 2007 | 87.5 |
| 2006 | 91.5 |
| 2005 | 95.2 |
| 2004 | 97.2 |
| 2003 | 101.8 |
| 2002 | 105.6 |
| 2001 | 108.5 |
| 2000 | 109.7 |
| 1999 | 115.4 |
| 1998 | 119.3 |
| 1997 | 124.3 |
| 1996 | 129.2 |
| 1995 | 131.5 |
| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---|
| 2025 | −5.2 |
| 2024 | −4.4 |
| 2023 | −4.1 |
| 2022 | −3.5 |
| 2021 | −5.4 |
| 2020 | −9.0 |
| 2019 | −2.0 |
| 2018 | −1.0 |
| 2017 | −0.8 |
| 2016 | −2.4 |
| 2015 | −2.5 |
| 2014 | −3.2 |
| 2013 | −3.2 |
| 2012 | −4.3 |
| 2011 | −4.4 |
| 2010 | −4.1 |
| 2009 | −5.4 |
| 2008 | −1.1 |
| 2007 | 0.1 |
| 2006 | 0.2 |
| 2005 | −2.7 |
| 2004 | −0.2 |
| 2003 | −1.9 |
| 2002 | 0.0 |
| 2001 | 0.2 |
| 2000 | −0.1 |
| 1999 | −0.6 |
| 1998 | −1.0 |
| 1997 | −2.2 |
| 1996 | −4.0 |
| 1995 | −4.5 |
allfigures, “Gross debt, Belgium, 2025: 107.9 % of GDP”. Source: Eurostat (CC BY 4.0). https://allfigures.xyz/data/public-debt/belgium, retrieved 23 Sep 2026.