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General government gross debt and deficit (−) or surplus, percent of GDP, yearly. All figures for Czechia
| Measure | Latest | Period | EU rank | vs EU median | Among EU countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross debt | 44.3 % of GDP | 2025 | 8th lowest of 27 | −15.0 pp | EU lowest 24.1 % of GDPEU highest 146.1 % of GDP |
| Deficit or surplus | −2.1 % of GDP | 2025 | 11th highest of 27 | +0.4 pp | EU lowest −7.9 % of GDPEU highest 3.4 % of GDP |
| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 44.3 |
| 2024 | 43.3 |
| 2023 | 42.2 |
| 2022 | 42.5 |
| 2021 | 40.7 |
| 2020 | 36.9 |
| 2019 | 29.6 |
| 2018 | 31.7 |
| 2017 | 33.8 |
| 2016 | 36.2 |
| 2015 | 39.5 |
| 2014 | 41.5 |
| 2013 | 44.1 |
| 2012 | 43.8 |
| 2011 | 39.4 |
| 2010 | 36.7 |
| 2009 | 33.4 |
| 2008 | 28.2 |
| 2007 | 27.3 |
| 2006 | 27.6 |
| 2005 | 27.7 |
| 2004 | 28.3 |
| 2003 | 28.1 |
| 2002 | 25.7 |
| 2001 | 22.6 |
| 2000 | 16.9 |
| 1999 | 15.1 |
| 1998 | 13.9 |
| 1997 | 12.1 |
| 1996 | 11.5 |
| 1995 | 13.5 |
| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---|
| 2025 | −2.1 |
| 2024 | −2.0 |
| 2023 | −3.7 |
| 2022 | −3.1 |
| 2021 | −5.0 |
| 2020 | −5.6 |
| 2019 | 0.3 |
| 2018 | 0.9 |
| 2017 | 1.5 |
| 2016 | 0.7 |
| 2015 | −0.7 |
| 2014 | −2.1 |
| 2013 | −1.3 |
| 2012 | −3.9 |
| 2011 | −2.7 |
| 2010 | −4.1 |
| 2009 | −5.5 |
| 2008 | −2.0 |
| 2007 | −0.7 |
| 2006 | −2.2 |
| 2005 | −3.1 |
| 2004 | −2.4 |
| 2003 | −6.9 |
| 2002 | −6.3 |
| 2001 | −5.8 |
| 2000 | −3.5 |
| 1999 | −3.1 |
| 1998 | −4.1 |
| 1997 | −3.1 |
| 1996 | −3.0 |
| 1995 | −12.3 |
allfigures, “Gross debt, Czechia, 2025: 44.3 % of GDP”. Source: Eurostat (CC BY 4.0). https://allfigures.xyz/data/public-debt/czechia, retrieved 23 Sep 2026.