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General government gross debt and deficit (−) or surplus, percent of GDP, yearly. All figures for Italy
| Measure | Latest | Period | EU rank | vs EU median | Among EU countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross debt | 137.1 % of GDP | 2025 | 2nd highest of 27 | +77.8 pp | EU lowest 24.1 % of GDPEU highest 146.1 % of GDP |
| Deficit or surplus | −3.1 % of GDP | 2025 | 10th lowest of 27 | −0.6 pp | EU lowest −7.9 % of GDPEU highest 3.4 % of GDP |
| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 137.1 |
| 2024 | 134.7 |
| 2023 | 133.9 |
| 2022 | 138.4 |
| 2021 | 145.8 |
| 2020 | 154.4 |
| 2019 | 133.9 |
| 2018 | 134.2 |
| 2017 | 133.7 |
| 2016 | 134.2 |
| 2015 | 134.8 |
| 2014 | 134.8 |
| 2013 | 131.9 |
| 2012 | 125.9 |
| 2011 | 119.1 |
| 2010 | 118.8 |
| 2009 | 116.1 |
| 2008 | 105.8 |
| 2007 | 103.5 |
| 2006 | 106.3 |
| 2005 | 106.2 |
| 2004 | 104.7 |
| 2003 | 105.1 |
| 2002 | 105.9 |
| 2001 | 108.5 |
| 2000 | 108.7 |
| 1999 | 113.1 |
| 1998 | 113.9 |
| 1997 | 116.5 |
| 1996 | 118.9 |
| 1995 | 119.1 |
| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---|
| 2025 | −3.1 |
| 2024 | −3.4 |
| 2023 | −7.1 |
| 2022 | −8.1 |
| 2021 | −8.9 |
| 2020 | −9.4 |
| 2019 | −1.5 |
| 2018 | −2.2 |
| 2017 | −2.5 |
| 2016 | −2.4 |
| 2015 | −2.5 |
| 2014 | −2.8 |
| 2013 | −2.9 |
| 2012 | −3.0 |
| 2011 | −3.5 |
| 2010 | −4.2 |
| 2009 | −5.1 |
| 2008 | −2.6 |
| 2007 | −1.3 |
| 2006 | −3.6 |
| 2005 | −4.1 |
| 2004 | −3.5 |
| 2003 | −3.2 |
| 2002 | −2.9 |
| 2001 | −3.2 |
| 2000 | −2.4 |
| 1999 | −1.8 |
| 1998 | −3.0 |
| 1997 | −3.0 |
| 1996 | −6.6 |
| 1995 | −7.2 |
allfigures, “Gross debt, Italy, 2025: 137.1 % of GDP”. Source: Eurostat (CC BY 4.0). https://allfigures.xyz/data/public-debt/italy, retrieved 23 Sep 2026.