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General government gross debt and deficit (−) or surplus, percent of GDP, yearly. All figures for Netherlands
| Measure | Latest | Period | EU rank | vs EU median | Among EU countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross debt | 44.4 % of GDP | 2025 | 9th lowest of 27 | −14.9 pp | EU lowest 24.1 % of GDPEU highest 146.1 % of GDP |
| Deficit or surplus | −1.6 % of GDP | 2025 | 7th highest of 27 | +0.9 pp | EU lowest −7.9 % of GDPEU highest 3.4 % of GDP |
| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 44.4 |
| 2024 | 43.8 |
| 2023 | 45.8 |
| 2022 | 48.4 |
| 2021 | 50.5 |
| 2020 | 53.4 |
| 2019 | 47.7 |
| 2018 | 51.6 |
| 2017 | 56.0 |
| 2016 | 60.9 |
| 2015 | 63.8 |
| 2014 | 67.2 |
| 2013 | 67.2 |
| 2012 | 65.7 |
| 2011 | 61.2 |
| 2010 | 58.9 |
| 2009 | 56.3 |
| 2008 | 54.3 |
| 2007 | 42.8 |
| 2006 | 45.0 |
| 2005 | 49.6 |
| 2004 | 50.2 |
| 2003 | 49.9 |
| 2002 | 48.8 |
| 2001 | 49.5 |
| 2000 | 52.2 |
| 1999 | 58.7 |
| 1998 | 62.8 |
| 1997 | 65.8 |
| 1996 | 71.4 |
| 1995 | 73.2 |
| Period | % of GDP |
|---|---|
| 2025 | −1.6 |
| 2024 | −0.7 |
| 2023 | −0.4 |
| 2022 | 0.0 |
| 2021 | −2.3 |
| 2020 | −3.7 |
| 2019 | 1.9 |
| 2018 | 1.5 |
| 2017 | 1.4 |
| 2016 | 0.2 |
| 2015 | −1.8 |
| 2014 | −2.2 |
| 2013 | −2.9 |
| 2012 | −3.8 |
| 2011 | −4.4 |
| 2010 | −5.3 |
| 2009 | −5.1 |
| 2008 | −0.1 |
| 2007 | −0.2 |
| 2006 | 0.0 |
| 2005 | −0.5 |
| 2004 | −1.8 |
| 2003 | −3.2 |
| 2002 | −2.2 |
| 2001 | −0.5 |
| 2000 | 1.1 |
| 1999 | 0.3 |
| 1998 | −1.3 |
| 1997 | −1.6 |
| 1996 | −1.9 |
| 1995 | −8.7 |
allfigures, “Gross debt, Netherlands, 2025: 44.4 % of GDP”. Source: Eurostat (CC BY 4.0). https://allfigures.xyz/data/public-debt/netherlands, retrieved 23 Sep 2026.